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42nd Amendment of Indian Constitution | Mini Constitution of India

42nd Amendment of the Indian Constitution: Few Constitutional Amendments in India have been as significant, comprehensive and consequential as the 42nd Amendment. Passed by the Parliament in 1976 and enforced in 1977, the amendment impacted almost every aspect of political life in India. It consisted of 59 sections and attempted to amend 41 articles in …

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What is meant by the idea of Satyagraha | UPSC

Learnings / By Gautam Kukreja

What is meant by the idea of Satyagraha: Satyagraha is a Hindu religious word which conjoins two separate words: ‘Satya’ means Truth and ‘Agraha’ means adherence. It was popularised by Mahatma Gandhi during the Indian Independence Movement. Contrary to popular belief, the term Satyagraha was not coined by Mahatma Gandhi, instead, it is found in …

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Best Books for UPSC Prelims

Learnings / By Gautam Kukreja

Best Books for UPSC: The Union Public Service Commission – Civil Services Examination (UPSC-CSE) is one of the toughest exams to crack in the world. It is a prestigious exam held annually and is attempted by lakhs of students each year. This means that the competition for around 800-odd seats is intense, with each year …

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8 Best Online MBA Programmes in India

Learnings / By Gautam Kukreja

Best Online MBA Programmes in India: Online Master of Business Administration is a distance learning programme that completely takes place online. It has the same coursework as that of a regular MBA but with the flexibility of time and space. Students are given books and other study materials through online mode and are required to …

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Non-Constitutional Bodies | UPSC

Learnings / By Gautam Kukreja

Non-Constitutional Bodies: Non-Constitutional Bodies are those institutions that do not derive their powers from any article of the Constitution. In other words, the Non-Constitutional Bodies are those public institutions that are established either by a law passed by the Parliament (Statutory Body) or by an executive resolution (Non-Statutory Body). In this article, we will discuss …

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Basic Structure of the Indian Constitution | Basic Structure Doctrine

Learnings / By Gautam Kukreja

Basic Structure of the Indian Constitution: The doctrine of the Basic Structure of the Indian Constitution was propounded by the Supreme Court of India while giving its judgement on the Kehavananda Bharti Case in 1973. However, as we explain below, the Kehavananda Bharti Case was just the culmination of the doctrine which took more than …

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Constitutional Bodies in India | UPSC

Learnings / By Gautam Kukreja

Constitutional Bodies in India: Constitutional Bodies in India are those institutions that are established or changed by an Act amending the Constitution. Some institutions were already mentioned in the Constitution at the time of its adoption in 1950, while others were added to it later through Constitutional Amendment Acts. The Constitutional Bodies in India play …

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Difference between Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha – 5 Differences

Learnings / By Gautam Kukreja

Difference between Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha: The Parliament of India is the foremost law-making body in the country. It consists of two houses: Lok Sabha – the lower house, and Rajya Sabha – the upper house. Both houses have similar roles, i.e. passing laws, resolutions and constitutional amendments. However, there are also a plethora …

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10 Best Colleges in Mumbai for Science

Learnings / By Gautam Kukreja

Best Colleges in Mumbai for Science: As the President of the Indian Science Congress, Jawaharlal Nehru was quoted saying, ”It is science alone that can solve the problems of hunger and poverty, of insanitation and illiteracy, of superstition and deadening custom and tradition, of vast resources running to waste, of a rich country inhabited by …

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Best Colleges for Political Science in DU

Learnings / By Gautam Kukreja

Best Colleges for Political Science in DU: The University of Delhi is one of India’s most prestigious public universities. Founded in 1922 by an act of the Central Legislative Assembly, the University has excelled in all spheres and fields including Arts, Science, Technology, Management etc. It is also one of the largest universities in the …

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